UNDERSTANDING OSTEOARTHRITIS (OA).
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of arthritis. It usually affects weight-bearing joints in the knees and hips, along with hands and spine. It can cause stiffness, joint pain and reduced movement. If OA is located in the hips or knees, it can impair an individual’s ability to stand, walk, climb and engage in other physical activities.
CAUSES/RISK FACTORS;
For easy understanding we will discuss both causes and risk factors once.
OA has been linked to aging for some time however research shows that might not be the case since the cartilage changes that happens in old age isn’t similar to once observed in osteoarthritis changes.
Genetics- “arthritis runs in our family”, you have heard people say that often. Cartilage defects and bone defects can be hereditary. Such defects can facilitate OA. So, if OA runs in your family seek professional guidance to on prevention and any possible medication.
Overweight/obese-it’s important to note that not all persons with overweight challenges have OA, however they are more likely to develop OA compared to once with normal weigh (normal BMI). Excessive weight puts more stress on weight bearing joints which results to wear and tear hence OA.
Is your occupation the risk factor for OA? Most of our illnesses can be linked to our occupation, and such include OA. Occupations that include long standing hours and heavy lifting can be the source of wear and tear resulting to OA. However noting the importance of us working, it important to find out what you can do to prevent OA.
Gender- all genders can be affected, however females are more affected than male. It is believed that hormones contribute. Oestrogen hormone reduces once menopause sets in, the decrease is linked to OA.
Diet deficiency- calcium deficiency leads to bone weakness. Weak bones can wear and there easily. OA is also linked to vitamin C and D3 deficiency.
Trauma- road traffic accidents (RTA), falls among others previously predispose you to OA. Trauma facilitates the wear and tear of cartilage surrounding the joint, especially weight bearing joints due to loading forces.
Muscle weakness- quadriceps weakness (muscles on your anterior thigh) has largely been associated with development of knee osteoarthritis. Muscle weakness may or may not be observed physically. Weak muscles do not maintain the joint space hence articulating bony structures rub on each other causing wear and tear.
Joint infection e.g. septic arthritis can cause OA.
How does OA present?
If you experience joint pain worsened by movement, joint stiffness resulting in difficult in movement and, joint instability.
Crunching sound from joint can indicate OA.
Treatment and prevention.
Can we treat OA? We can manage the symptoms through medication, diet, physiotherapy and exercises. In severe forms, surgery can be recommended.
There are many firms that claim to cure OA completely, however research dictates differently. The next time you visit your physiotherapist, ask on prevention of OA.
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